MokoSuiteBackup/source/packages/com_mokosuitebackup/src/Engine/SnapshotRestoreEngine.php

<?php

/**
 * @package     MokoSuiteBackup
 * @subpackage  com_mokosuitebackup
 * @author      Moko Consulting <hello@mokoconsulting.tech>
 * @copyright   Copyright (C) 2026 Moko Consulting. All rights reserved.
 * @license     GNU General Public License version 3 or later; see LICENSE
 *
 * Restores content from a snapshot JSON file.
 *
 * Two restore modes:
 *   - replace: Truncates target tables then inserts all snapshot rows (clean slate)
 *   - merge:   Upserts by primary key — updates existing rows, inserts new ones
 */

namespace Joomla\Component\MokoSuiteBackup\Administrator\Engine;

defined('_JEXEC') or die;

use Joomla\CMS\Factory;

class SnapshotRestoreEngine
{
	private array $log = [];

	/** Primary key columns for each table */
	private const PRIMARY_KEYS = [
		'#__content'                 => 'id',
		'#__content_frontpage'       => 'content_id',
		'#__categories'              => 'id',
		'#__workflow_associations'   => 'item_id',
		'#__contentitem_tag_map'     => null,  // composite key, handled specially
		'#__modules'                 => 'id',
		'#__modules_menu'            => null,  // composite key, handled specially
		'#__tags'                    => 'id',
		'#__fields'                  => 'id',
		'#__fields_values'           => null,  // composite key, handled specially
		'#__fields_categories'       => null,  // composite key, handled specially
	];

	/**
	 * Restore from a snapshot record.
	 *
	 * @param   int     $snapshotId    Snapshot record ID
	 * @param   string  $mode          'replace' or 'merge'
	 * @param   array   $contentTypes  Which types to restore (empty = all from snapshot)
	 *
	 * @return  array{success: bool, message: string, log?: string}
	 */
	public function restore(int $snapshotId, string $mode = 'replace', array $contentTypes = []): array
	{
		if (!@set_time_limit(0)) {
			$this->log('WARNING: Could not disable time limit — large restores may timeout');
		}

		if (!@ini_set('memory_limit', '512M')) {
			$this->log('WARNING: Could not increase memory limit to 512M');
		}

		if (!in_array($mode, ['replace', 'merge'])) {
			return ['success' => false, 'message' => 'Invalid restore mode: ' . $mode];
		}

		$db = Factory::getDbo();

		// Load snapshot record
		$query = $db->getQuery(true)
			->select('*')
			->from($db->quoteName('#__mokosuitebackup_snapshots'))
			->where($db->quoteName('id') . ' = ' . $snapshotId);
		$db->setQuery($query);
		$record = $db->loadObject();

		if (!$record) {
			return ['success' => false, 'message' => 'Snapshot not found: ' . $snapshotId];
		}

		if ($record->status !== 'complete') {
			return ['success' => false, 'message' => 'Cannot restore from failed snapshot'];
		}

		if (!is_file($record->data_file) || !is_readable($record->data_file)) {
			return ['success' => false, 'message' => 'Snapshot file not found: ' . $record->data_file];
		}

		$this->log('Loading snapshot file: ' . basename($record->data_file));

		$json = file_get_contents($record->data_file);

		if ($json === false) {
			return ['success' => false, 'message' => 'Cannot read snapshot file'];
		}

		$data = json_decode($json, true);

		if (json_last_error() !== JSON_ERROR_NONE) {
			return ['success' => false, 'message' => 'Snapshot file contains invalid JSON: ' . json_last_error_msg()];
		}

		if (!is_array($data) || empty($data['tables'])) {
			return ['success' => false, 'message' => 'Invalid snapshot data format: missing tables key'];
		}

		$snapshotTypes = $data['content_types'] ?? [];
		$this->log('Snapshot contains: ' . implode(', ', $snapshotTypes));
		$this->log('Restore mode: ' . $mode);

		// Determine which types to restore
		if (!empty($contentTypes)) {
			$restoreTypes = array_intersect($contentTypes, $snapshotTypes);
		} else {
			$restoreTypes = $snapshotTypes;
		}

		if (empty($restoreTypes)) {
			return ['success' => false, 'message' => 'No matching content types to restore'];
		}

		$this->log('Restoring types: ' . implode(', ', $restoreTypes));

		$prefix = $db->getPrefix();
		$totalRows = 0;

		try {
			$db->transactionStart();

			// Build list of tables to restore based on selected types
			$tablesToRestore = $this->getTablesToRestore($restoreTypes);

			foreach ($tablesToRestore as $abstractTable) {
				if (!isset($data['tables'][$abstractTable])) {
					$this->log('  Skipping ' . $abstractTable . ' (not in snapshot)');
					continue;
				}

				$rows = $data['tables'][$abstractTable];
				$realTable = str_replace('#__', $prefix, $abstractTable);

				if ($mode === 'replace') {
					$rowCount = $this->restoreReplace($db, $realTable, $abstractTable, $rows);
				} else {
					$rowCount = $this->restoreMerge($db, $realTable, $abstractTable, $rows);
				}

				$totalRows += $rowCount;
				$this->log('  ' . $abstractTable . ': ' . $rowCount . ' rows restored');
			}

			$db->transactionCommit();

			$this->log('Restore complete: ' . $totalRows . ' total rows');

			return [
				'success' => true,
				'message' => sprintf('Snapshot restored (%s mode): %d rows across %d tables', $mode, $totalRows, count($tablesToRestore)),
				'log'     => implode("\n", $this->log),
			];
		} catch (\Throwable $e) {
			try {
				$db->transactionRollback();
				$this->log('Transaction rolled back');
			} catch (\Exception $rollbackEx) {
				$this->log('Rollback failed: ' . $rollbackEx->getMessage());
			}

			$this->log('FATAL: ' . $e->getMessage());

			return [
				'success' => false,
				'message' => 'Restore failed: ' . $e->getMessage(),
				'log'     => implode("\n", $this->log),
			];
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Replace mode: delete existing rows, then insert all snapshot rows.
	 */
	private function restoreReplace(object $db, string $realTable, string $abstractTable, array $rows): int
	{
		// Use DELETE instead of TRUNCATE to stay within transaction
		$this->truncateFiltered($db, $realTable, $abstractTable, $rows);

		$count = 0;

		foreach ($rows as $row) {
			$obj = (object) $row;
			$db->insertObject($realTable, $obj);
			$count++;
		}

		return $count;
	}

	/**
	 * Merge mode: upsert rows by primary key.
	 */
	private function restoreMerge(object $db, string $realTable, string $abstractTable, array $rows): int
	{
		$pk = self::PRIMARY_KEYS[$abstractTable] ?? null;
		$count = 0;

		foreach ($rows as $row) {
			$obj = (object) $row;

			if ($pk !== null && isset($row[$pk])) {
				// Check if row exists
				$exists = $db->setQuery(
					$db->getQuery(true)
						->select('COUNT(*)')
						->from($db->quoteName($realTable))
						->where($db->quoteName($pk) . ' = ' . $db->quote($row[$pk]))
				)->loadResult();

				if ($exists) {
					$db->updateObject($realTable, $obj, $pk);
				} else {
					$db->insertObject($realTable, $obj);
				}
			} else {
				// Composite key tables — insert, skip genuine duplicates
				try {
					$db->insertObject($realTable, $obj);
				} catch (\Exception $e) {
					if (str_contains($e->getMessage(), 'Duplicate entry') || $e->getCode() === 1062) {
						$this->log('  Skipped duplicate in ' . $abstractTable);
						continue;
					}

					throw $e;
				}
			}

			$count++;
		}

		return $count;
	}

	/**
	 * Delete rows from a table, scoping to relevant content only.
	 *
	 * Shared tables (#__categories, #__modules, etc.) are filtered so
	 * only the rows belonging to our content types are deleted — never
	 * the entire table.
	 */
	private function truncateFiltered(object $db, string $realTable, string $abstractTable, array $rows): void
	{
		$query = $db->getQuery(true)->delete($db->quoteName($realTable));

		switch ($abstractTable) {
			case '#__categories':
				$query->where($db->quoteName('extension') . ' = ' . $db->quote('com_content'));
				break;

			case '#__workflow_associations':
				$query->where($db->quoteName('extension') . ' = ' . $db->quote('com_content.article'));
				break;

			case '#__contentitem_tag_map':
				$query->where($db->quoteName('type_alias') . ' LIKE ' . $db->quote('com_content.%'));
				break;

			case '#__modules':
				// Only delete modules that exist in the snapshot — never wipe all site modules
				$ids = array_filter(array_column($rows, 'id'));

				if (empty($ids)) {
					return;
				}

				$ids = array_map('intval', $ids);
				$query->where($db->quoteName('id') . ' IN (' . implode(',', $ids) . ')');
				break;

			case '#__modules_menu':
				// Only delete menu assignments for modules in the snapshot
				$moduleIds = array_filter(array_column($rows, 'moduleid'));

				if (empty($moduleIds)) {
					return;
				}

				$moduleIds = array_map('intval', array_unique($moduleIds));
				$query->where($db->quoteName('moduleid') . ' IN (' . implode(',', $moduleIds) . ')');
				break;

			case '#__tags':
				// Only delete tags that exist in the snapshot — never wipe all tags
				$ids = array_filter(array_column($rows, 'id'));

				if (empty($ids)) {
					return;
				}

				$ids = array_map('intval', $ids);
				$query->where($db->quoteName('id') . ' IN (' . implode(',', $ids) . ')');
				break;

			case '#__fields':
				// Only delete custom fields scoped to com_content.article
				$query->where($db->quoteName('context') . ' = ' . $db->quote('com_content.article'));
				break;

			case '#__fields_values':
				// Only delete field values for com_content.article fields
				$prefix = $db->getPrefix();
				$fTable = $prefix . 'fields';

				$subQuery = $db->getQuery(true)
					->select($db->quoteName('id'))
					->from($db->quoteName($fTable))
					->where($db->quoteName('context') . ' = ' . $db->quote('com_content.article'));
				$query->where($db->quoteName('field_id') . ' IN (' . $subQuery . ')');
				break;

			case '#__fields_categories':
				// Delete field-category mappings for com_content.article fields only
				$prefix = $db->getPrefix();
				$fTable = $prefix . 'fields';

				$subQuery = $db->getQuery(true)
					->select($db->quoteName('id'))
					->from($db->quoteName($fTable))
					->where($db->quoteName('context') . ' = ' . $db->quote('com_content.article'));

				$query->where($db->quoteName('field_id') . ' IN (' . $subQuery . ')');
				break;

			// #__content and #__content_frontpage are fully owned by com_content
			default:
				break;
		}

		$db->setQuery($query);
		$db->execute();
	}

	/**
	 * Build list of abstract table names for the given content types.
	 */
	private function getTablesToRestore(array $types): array
	{
		$tables = [];

		if (in_array('articles', $types)) {
			$tables[] = '#__content';
			$tables[] = '#__content_frontpage';
			$tables[] = '#__workflow_associations';
			$tables[] = '#__contentitem_tag_map';
			$tables[] = '#__tags';
			$tables[] = '#__fields';
			$tables[] = '#__fields_values';
			$tables[] = '#__fields_categories';
		}

		if (in_array('categories', $types)) {
			$tables[] = '#__categories';
		}

		if (in_array('modules', $types)) {
			$tables[] = '#__modules';
			$tables[] = '#__modules_menu';
		}

		return array_unique($tables);
	}

	private function log(string $message): void
	{
		$this->log[] = '[' . date('H:i:s') . '] ' . $message;
	}
}